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Basic properties of tertiary amines
Carbon dioxide capture is one of the important ways to achieve carbon reduction. CO2 capture technology mainly includes physical absorption method, membrane separation method, chemical absorption method, etc. Among them, chemical solvent absorption method is the oldest and more mature and widely used decarbonization method. The chemical absorption method utilizes the acidic characteristics of CO2, uses an alkaline solution for acid-base chemical reaction absorption, and then realizes the regeneration of the solvent by means of the reverse reaction. Although strong bases such as K2CO3 can also be used as a solvent and can be heated for regeneration, this solvent is seriously corrosive to the system. The industrial chemical absorption method mainly uses the aqueous solution of organic alcohol amines as the absorbent, and uses the absorption tower and the regeneration tower to form a system to capture CO2. Several alcohol amines commonly used in industry are primary amine MEA (monoethanolamine), secondary amine DEA (diethanolamine) and tertiary amine MDEA (N-methyldiethanolamine) and TEA (triethanolamine). Various amines have their own advantages and disadvantages for CO2 capture. Primary amines and secondary amines have fast absorption rates, but are easy to generate relatively stable carbamates and have a low degree of regeneration; tertiary amines have good regeneration performance, but the absorption rate is slow. Mixed amine absorption liquid can play the advantages of single-component organic amines and make up for the shortcomings, and composite absorbents with high efficiency and low consumption are the development trend of absorbents.
MEA is the earliest and most widely used absorbent for industrial production. Optimizing MEA absorbent is one of the current concerns. As far as absorbent performance is concerned, "high efficiency and low consumption" mainly refers to high absorption and low energy consumption (that is, high regeneration performance). In view of the high regeneration performance of tertiary amines, which can make up for the shortcomings of MEA in this regard, mixed amine (MEA/tertiary amine) absorbents composed of MEA and tertiary amines have received extensive attention. These studies mainly focus on the mass transfer process of CO2 absorption ( kinetics) study. For the capture performance research, the tertiary amines are mainly studied on MDEA and TEA, and the remaining tertiary amines are less studied.
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